Within the active stage of the disease, there might be a slight fever, night sweats, weight. In adults, diagnosis of tb is relatively easy and mostly confirmed by examination of the sputum for acidfast bacilli. Bovine tb is most likely going to effect the joints and bones. Share and download educational presentations online. Highest death rates among mdr tb patients seen in african region 19% extensively drug resistant tb xdr tbmdr tb plus resistance to at least 1 fluoroquinolone and 1 secondline. Global tb control report 20 porcentaje global tbmdr. The challenge of mdrtb tuberculosis health sciences. Background in 20, approximately 480,000 people developed active multidrugresistant tuberculosis mdr tb, while only 97,000 started mdr tb treatment. This free tuberculosis types medical ppt is one of the free medical powerpoint templates available for medical and healthcare professionals on.
State that tb remains a major global health problem, responsible for ill health among millions of people each year. Treatment outcomes of patients with multidrugresistant tuberculosis, using the 2008 and 20. Mdr tb 20% among previously treated tb cases 50% of all mdr cases are estimated to occur in india and china globally, outcome data for mdr tb is limited. Legal issues around the management of drugresistant tuberculosis drtb are complex and have been addressed in separate documents, guided by evolving health legislation and the constitution of south africa. Patients who push through are not guaranteed a cure.
India is the country with the highest burden of tb, with world health organisation who statistics for 20 giving an estimated incidence of 2. Multidrugresistant tuberculosis mdrtb is a form of tuberculosis tb infection caused by bacteria that are resistant to treatment with at least two of the most powerful firstline antitb medications drugs, isoniazid and rifampin. Global tuberculosis report 2019 who has published a global tb report every year since 1997. Jumlah kasus tbc berdasarkan jenis kelamin tahun 2017 0 20. Multi drug resistant tuberculosis 1 multi drug resistant tuberculosis national tuberculosis control programme 2 multi drug resistant tuberculosis mdrtb, defined as resistance to the two most important drugs, isoniazid inh and rifampicin rmp, is a potential threat to tuberculosis control. A long and difficult course of treatment, even when successful, usually means episodes of serious or lifethreatening sideeffects or disease complications. Mdrtb and hiv mdrtb and xdrtb are associated with an extremely high mortality, especially in the hiv co infected person 14 according to the 4th who report 2008 on anti tuberculosis drug resistance. Multidrug treatment therapy is essential in order to effectively control and cure patients with multiple strains of bacteria. Treatment outcomes in multidrugresistant tuberculosis nejm. Rifampacin rif in 2010, the overall prevalence of mdr tb in northern india was 40.
Encouragingly, the report showed that the incidence of tuberculosis is declining by around 2% per year, and that several regions have met, or are on target to meet, the 2015 millennium development goal of a reduction in mortality of. Global tuberculosis report, 2017 badan pusat statistik, 2017. About 9% of mdr tb cases also have resistance to two other classes of drugs, or extensively drugresistant tb xdr tb. Tb dots ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. The primary stage of the disease may be symptomfree, or the individual may experience a flulike illness. There is thus a critical need for evidencebased policy recommendations on the treatment and care of patients with dr. Management of drtb is an evolving strategy, and needs to. This medical powerpoint template will fit presentations on medical tests, tuberculosis disease, distribution of tuberculosis, tuberculin tests, pulmonary tb, tubercle bacillus, etc. Who global report on tb 20 tb in 4th in case notification rate. Antibiotic resistance to mdr tb and xdr tb is becoming increasingly common as many tb patients are developing multiple strains of different mutant bacteria mixed infection. In spite of increased testing, the number of mdrrrtb cases detected only reached 153 000.
Tuberculosis is a disease caused by a bacterium called mycobacterium tuberculosis which usually attack the lungs, but can attack any part of the body such as the kidney, spine, and brain. Drugresistant tuberculosis curry international tuberculosis center. Presentations ppt, key, pdf logging in or signing up. The main aim of the report is to provide a comprehensive and uptodate assessment of the tb epidemic, and of progress in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the disease, at global, regional and country levels. Highburden multidrugresistant tb mdrtb countries by income status. Our study from mumbai in 2010 audited the mdrtb prescribing practice of 106 pps working in dharavi, asias most populous slum 2.
First and secondline drugs and drug resistance intechopen. Committee of who from 2002 to 20, coordinator of the mdrtb unit of. However, these tests provide information on drug resistance, and in some cases treatment for mdrtb may not be available, although the test is being used. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis mdr tb is defined as resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin whether there is resistance to other drugs or not a laboratory diagnosis. Generally, an ebook can be downloaded in five minutes or less. Mdrtb has been shown to be almost twice as common in tb patient living with hiv as compared to tb patient without hiv 12 to resolve the. To date, 123 countries have reported at least one xdrtb case. Papua new guinea png is a high tb burden country with limited information on the magnitude of the mdr tb problem. This highly resistant form of tb was identified in every region of the. In the 20 definitions, cure is defined as a patient who has completed treatment with no evidence. The burden of mdrtb is low globally and in many countries percentage of new tb cases with mdrtb 16% tb and this has trend analysis now available for the first time. Of these 6 mdrtb patients, two 2 have been completely treated, two 2 have died, one 1 patient is still receiving treatment while the other person is not on. By march 20, 84 countries had reported at least one xdr tb case. Mdr mdrtb is defined as tb resistant to the two most powerful drugs against tb many developing countries do not have.
Chest radiography plays a little role there for diagnosis of the disease. Identifying inadequate therapy as the main cause of this form of the disease and explaining the factors leading to its occurrence, numerous social determinants that affect the risk of developing resistance are highlighted. Extensively drugresistant tb xdr tb has been reported since 2007. Mdr tb is caused by an organism that is resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin, the two most potent tb drugs. Provisional cdc guidelines for the use and safety monitoring of bedaquiline fumarate sirturo for the treatment of multidrugresistant tuberculosis. In patients with rr or mdr tb who have not been treated with secondline drugs and in whom resistance to fqns and sli agents has been excluded or is considered to be highly unlikely a shorter mdr tb regimen of 912 mos may. The bacteria that cause tuberculosis tb can develop resistance to the antimicrobial drugs used to cure the disease. In 2016, 41% of laboratory confirmed tb patients notified. In 2016, 8 000 patients with extensively drugresistant tb xdrtb were reported worldwide. The challenge of mdrtb free download as powerpoint presentation. Some forms of tb are also resistant to secondline medications, and are called extensively drugresistant tb. Who consolidated guidelines on drugresistant tuberculosis treatment.
The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply. Download s free tuberculosis types medical powerpoint template now for your upcoming medical powerpoint presentations. According to the world bank, lowincome economies are defined as those with an annual gross national income gni per capita of mdr tb are crucial for effective control and prevention of tuberculosis tb. Multidrugresistant mdr tuberculosis tb is a threat to global tb control, as suboptimal and poorly tolerated treatment options have resulted in largely unfavourable outcomes for these patients. Directlyobserved treatment shortcourse dots is the standard of care for tb and mdr tb. This set of tools is designed to help countries develop or strengthen a multidrugresistant tuberculosis mdrtb component within their national tb strategy. From a patients point of view, treatment of multidrugresistant tuberculosis has advanced very little in the past 40 years.
Rayong province cap tb strategic planning meeting august 1, 20 bangkok. Mdr tb and hiv mdrtb and xdr tb are associated with an extremely high mortality, especially in the hiv co infected person 14 according to the 4th who report 2008 on anti tuberculosis drug resistance. While countries are in the process of scaling up treatment for mdrxdrtb, the use of drug susceptibility testing may be. Communitybased mdrtb care project improves treatment. Rao md slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The gap between notified and treated mdrtb cases in myanmar was reported as 61% and 43% in 20 and 2014 respectively. Some who do survive are left with permanent disability. Mdr tb is defined as tuberculosis that is resistant to treatment with both isoniazid inh and. Multidrug resistant mdr tuberculosis tb represents tb which is simultaneous resistant to at least rifampicin r and isoniazid h. Mdr tuberculosis challenges global healthcare targets.
Funded by the european commission seventh framework program fp72007 20 under grant agreement fp7223681 tbpannet. Ppt mdrtb powerpoint presentation free to download id. Survei prevalensi tuberkulosis 20 2014, kemenkes ri akhiri tb gambar 5. Tuberculosis tb strains with drug resistance dr tb are more difficult to treat than drugsusceptible ones, and threaten global progress towards the targets set by the end tb strategy of the world health organization who. In october, 20, who released the global tuberculosis report 20 and its supplement countdown to 2015, which provide a snapshot of the current global epidemic. The bacteria that cause tuberculosis tb can develop resistance to the antimicrobial drugs used to. Two nationwide drug resistance surveys have been carried out, and a third will be completed in 20.
Revised definitions of multidrugresistant tuberculosis treatment. Mdrtb detection and enrollment on treatment 0 400 300 500 600 700 800 900. Methods a crosssectional study was conducted in four png provinces. Thus, we read with interest the article by the collaborative group for the metaanalysis of individual patient data in mdrtb treatment2017,1 the results of which support our proposal,2 from 2015, to classify antituberculosis drugs on the basis of. However, the evidence concerning the effect of nutritional supplementation on tb prevention and health outcomes among people with tb.
Five 5 of the 6 were hivnegative while only one 1 patient was hivpositive. Out of 732 diagnosed tb patients seen between 2012 till date, only six 6 had mdrtb 0. Professor bengal college of pharmaceutical sciences and research 2. Rayong province captb strategic planning meeting august 1, 20 bangkok, thailand chittima. We sought to estimate the impact of improving access to mdr tb diagnosis and treatment, under multiple diagnostic algorithm and treatment regimen scenarios, on tenyear projections of mdr tb incidence and mortality. Mdrtb planning toolkit introduction and users guide 3 mdrtb planning toolkit introduction and users guide. Guidelines for the management of multidrugresistant. Ppt mdrtb powerpoint presentation free to download. Mdrtb antimicrobial resistance tuberculosis free 30. In 2015, ntp reported that 2,793 mdrtb cases were diagnosed and 2,207 were enrolled for treatment in the same year 7,9.
Who consolidated guidelines on drugresistant tuberculosis. Multi drug resistant tuberculosis mdr tb implications and diagnosis dr. The first line drugs thought to be sensitive should be continued. In 20, 90% of mdrtb cases in the united states were among foreignborn. Advances in clinical trial design for development of new.
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